Lymphopenia is commonly present in patients with COVID-19. We sought to determine if lymphopenia on admission predicts COVID-19 clinical outcomes. A retrospective chart review was performed on 4485 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, who were admitted to the hospital. Of those, 2409 (57.3%) patients presented with lymphopenia (absolute lymphocyte count < 1.1 × 10 9 /L) on admission, and had higher incidences of ICU admission (17.9% versus 9.5%, p < 0.001), invasive mechanical ventilation (14.4% versus 6.5%, p < 0.001), dialysis (3.4% versus 1.8%, p < 0.001) and in-hospital mortality (16.6% versus 6.6%, p < 0.001), with multivariable-adjusted odds ratios of 1.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55–2.25), 2.09 (95% CI, 1.69–2.59), 1.77 (95% CI, 1.19–2.68), and 2.19 (95% CI 1.76–2.72) for the corresponding outcomes, respectively, compared to those without lymphopenia. The restricted cubic spline models showed a non-linear relationship between lymphocyte count and adverse outcomes, with an increase in the risk of adverse outcomes for lower lymphocyte counts in patients with lymphopenia. The predictive powers of lymphopenia, expressed as areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves, were 0.68, 0.69, 0.78, and 0.79 for the corresponding adverse outcomes, respectively, after incorporating age, gender, race, and comorbidities. In conclusion, lymphopenia is a useful metric in prognosticating outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, lymphopenia, Lymphocyte count, adverse clinical outcomes, restricted cubic splines, receiver operating characteristic curves, 【초록키워드】 hospital, Comorbidities, Gender, risk, outcome, clinical outcomes, adverse outcomes, dialysis, adverse outcome, outcomes, Non-linear relationship, Patient, ICU admission, age, incidence, characteristic, Admission, predict, in-hospital mortality, Absolute lymphocyte count, retrospective, Invasive mechanical ventilation, Odds ratio, hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 95% CI, 95% confidence interval, predictive power, laboratory-confirmed, cubic spline, was performed, determine, expressed, increase in, patients with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 clinical, Adverse, center,