Background Determining the infectiousness of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 is crucial for patient management. Medical staff usually refer to the results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction tests in conjunction with clinical symptoms and computed tomographic images. Case presentation We report a case of a 62-year-old Japanese man who twice had positive and negative test results by polymerase chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 over 48 days of hospitalization, including in intensive care. His respiratory symptoms and computed tomographic imaging findings consistent with coronavirus disease 2019 improved following initial intensive care, and the result of his polymerase chain reaction test became negative 3 days before discharge from the intensive care unit. However, 4 days after this first negative result, his polymerase chain reaction test result was positive again, and another 4 days later, he had a negative result once more. Eight days after the second polymerase chain reaction negative test result, the patient’s test result again became positive. Finally, his polymerase chain reaction results were negative 43 days after his first hospitalization. Conclusions This case emphasizes the importance of repeat polymerase chain reaction testing and diagnosis based on multiple criteria, including clinical symptoms and computed tomographic imaging findings. Clinical staff should consider that a negative result by polymerase chain reaction does not necessarily certify complete coronavirus disease 2019 recovery.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, RT-PCR, repeat positivity/negativity, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, coronavirus, intensive care, Hospitalization, Diagnosis, discharge, clinical, management, Patient, reverse transcription, Japanese, criteria, acute respiratory syndrome, clinical symptom, respiratory symptom, positive, negative test, Complete, polymerase chain, initial, Determining, computed tomographic, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Case report, PCR, Intensive, positive test result, negative test, repeated,