Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, which can result in serious respiratory illnesses such as pneumonia leading to respiratory failure. It was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei, China, in December 2019 and rapidly spread globally, becoming a pandemic in March 2020. Among comorbidities observed in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, hypertension (68.3%) and type 2-diabetes (30.1%) are the most frequent conditions. Although symptoms are highly heterogeneous (ranging from absence of symptoms to severe acute respiratory failure), patients with metabolic-associated diseases often experience worse COVID-19 outcomes. This review investigates the association between metabolic disorders and COVID-19 severity, exploring the molecular mechanisms potentially underlying this relationship and those that are responsible for more severe COVID-19 outcomes. In addition, the role of the main biological processes that may connect metabolic alterations to SARS-CoV-2 infection such as hyperglycemia, immune system deregulation, ACE-2 receptor modulation, and inflammatory response is described. The impact of metabolic disorders on the prognosis of COVID-19 has major implications in public health especially for countries affected by a high incidence of metabolic diseases.
【초록키워드】 COVID-19, public health, pandemic, Respiratory failure, severe COVID-19, Prognosis, Pneumonia, SARS-COV-2 infection, COVID-19 severity, Respiratory illness, Comorbidity, SARS-CoV-2 virus, Symptom, immune system, molecular mechanism, hypertension, ACE-2 receptor, Spread, China, outcomes, Wuhan, Patient, incidence, hyperglycemia, disease, association, Inflammatory response, Metabolic diseases, modulation, alteration, heterogeneous, SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, metabolic disorder, deregulation, implication, country, responsible, described, affected, caused, reported, addition, absence, conditions, biological processe, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, Perturbation, metabolic,