Abstract Rationale: Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a rare life-threatening condition characterized by cytokine-mediated tissue injury and multiorgan dysfunction. Patient Concerns: We describe the unique case of young man who developed MAS as the sole manifestation of an otherwise paucisymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Diagnoses: Clinical and biological criteria led to the diagnosis of MAS; cytokine profile was highly suggestive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swabs was negative, but serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G resulted positive leading to the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Interventions: The patient was treated with empiric antibiotic and hydroxychloroquine. Outcomes: Clinical improvement ensued. At follow-up, the patient is well. Lesson: SARS-CoV-2 infection may trigger develop life-threatening complications, like MAS. This can be independent from coronavirus disease 2019 gravity.
【저자키워드】 coronavirus, macrophages, Hydroxychloroquine, interleukin-6, hyper-inflammation, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-COV-2 infection, Infection, Diagnosis, anti-SARS-CoV-2, Nasopharyngeal swab, serum, Immunoglobulin, clinical, Patient, complications, reverse transcription, Follow-up, immunoglobulin A, cytokine profile, Multiorgan dysfunction, criteria, tissue injury, acute respiratory syndrome, Activation, syndrome, life-threatening, positive, independent, polymerase chain, develop, the patient, characterized, treated, unique, diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, empiric antibiotic, 【제목키워드】 Infection, Case report, acute respiratory syndrome, Activation, syndrome,