Elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases account for a large proportion of Corona virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)related deaths. COVID-19, as a new coronavirus, mainly targets the patient’s lung triggering a cascade of innate and adaptive immune responses in the host. The principal causes of death among COVID-19 patients, especially elderly subjects with cardiovascular diseases, are acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and microvascular thrombosis. All prompted by an excessive uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response. Immunosenescence, characterized by systemic and chronic inflammation as well as innate/adaptive immune imbalance, presents both in the elderly and cardiovascular patients. COVID-19 infection further aggravates the existing inflammatory process and lymphocyte depletion leading to uncontrollable systemic inflammatory responses, which is the primary cause of death. Based on the higher mortality, this study attempts to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of COVID-19 in elderly subjects with cardiovascular diseases as well as the cause of the high mortality result from COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, cardiovascular disease, elderly patients, immunosenescence, 【초록키워드】 Corona virus, Mortality, elderly, lung, cardiovascular diseases, immune, lymphocyte, COVID-19 infection, Patient, death, chronic inflammation, target, Adaptive immune response, patients, multiple organ dysfunction, COVID-19 patients, acute respiratory distress, New coronavirus, deaths, Microvascular thrombosis, subject, syndrome, systemic inflammatory response, high mortality, pathophysiological mechanism, systemic inflammatory responses, cascade, inflammatory process, MODS, triggering, Host, proportion, characterized, cause, aggravate, 【제목키워드】 association, Elderly patient, COVID-19 related mortality,