Summary The SARS-CoV-2 viral pandemic has induced a global health crisis, which requires more in-depth investigation into immunological responses to develop effective treatments and vaccines. To understand protective immunity against COVID-19, we screened over 60,000 asymptomatic individuals in the Southeastern United States for IgG antibody positivity against the viral Spike protein, and approximately 3% were positive. Of these 3%, individuals with the highest anti-S or anti-RBD IgG level showed a strong correlation with inhibition of ACE2 binding and cross-reactivity against non-SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus S-proteins. We also analyzed samples from 94 SARS-CoV-2 patients and compared them with those of asymptomatic individuals. SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic patients had decreased antibody responses, ACE2 binding inhibition, and antibody cross-reactivity. Our study shows that healthy individuals can mount robust immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 without symptoms. Furthermore, IgG antibody responses against S and RBD may correlate with high inhibition of ACE2 binding in individuals tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection or post vaccination. Graphical abstract Highlights • 60,000 asymptomatic individuals were assessed for SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses • Increased Spike IgG correlates with antibody diversity and ACE2 binding inhibition • COVID-19 patients had lower antibody responses compared with high asymptomatic responders • Individuals can mount diverse immune responses to COVID-19 without symptoms Infection control in health technology; Immunology; Virology
【저자키워드】 immunology, Virology, Infection control in health technology, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, Treatment, SARS-CoV-2, IgG, coronavirus, immune response, pandemic, Vaccines, spike, antibody, SARS-COV-2 infection, Antibody Response, cross-reactivity, Protein, Health, IgG antibody, Asymptomatic individuals, Asymptomatic, protective immunity, RBD, Responder, correlation, Immunological response, SARS-CoV-2 antibody response, ACE2 binding, COVID-19 patient, Anti-RBD IgG, antibody cross-reactivity, Abstract, individual, positive, anti-S, post vaccination, responses, effective, asymptomatic individual, robust, SARS-CoV-2 viral, highest, tested, analyzed, develop, screened, responses against, Increased, healthy individual, SARS-CoV-2 patient, SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic patient, Southeastern United State, were assessed, without symptom, without symptoms, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, antibody, Asymptomatic, Comparative analysis, convalescent patient,