Objective: To determine whether ambient air pollutants and meteorological variables are associated with daily COVID-19 incidence. Design: A retrospective cohort from January 25 to February 29, 2020. Setting: Cities of Wuhan, Xiaogan, and Huanggang, China. Patients: The COVID-19 cases detected each day. Methods: We collected daily data of COVID-19 incidence, 8 ambient air pollutants (particulate matter of ≤2.5 µm [PM 2.5 ], particulate matter ≤10 µm [PM 10 ], sulfur dioxide [SO 2 ], carbon monoxide [CO], nitrogen dioxide [NO 2 ], and maximum 8-h moving average concentrations for ozone [O 3 -8h]) and 3 meteorological variables (temperature, relative humidity, and wind) in China’s 3 worst COVID-19–stricken cities during the study period. The multivariate Poisson regression was performed to understand their correlation. Results: Daily COVID-19 incidence was positively associated with PM 2.5 and humidity in all cities. Specifically, the relative risk (RR) of PM 2.5 for daily COVID-19 incidences were 1.036 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.032–1.039) in Wuhan, 1.059 (95% CI, 1.046–1.072) in Xiaogan, and 1.144 (95% CI, 1.12–1.169) in Huanggang. The RR of humidity for daily COVID-19 incidence was consistently lower than that of PM 2.5 , and this difference ranged from 0.027 to 0.111. Moreover, PM 10 and temperature also exhibited a notable correlation with daily COVID-19 incidence, but in a negative pattern The RR of PM 10 for daily COVID-19 incidence ranged from 0.915 (95% CI, 0.896–0.934) to 0.961 (95% CI, 0.95–0.972, while that of temperature ranged from 0.738 (95% CI, 0.717–0.759) to 0.969 (95% CI, 0.966–0.973). Conclusions: Our data show that PM 2.5 and humidity are substantially associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 and that PM 10 and temperature are substantially associated with a decreased risk of COVID-19.
【초록키워드】 COVID-19, risk, China, Wuhan, temperature, correlation, Concentration, COVID-19 incidence, sulfur dioxide, 95% CI, 95% confidence interval, increased risk, COVID-19 case, city, study period, average, Poisson regression, retrospective cohort, variable, ambient, Daily, risk of COVID-19, collected, was performed, exhibited, determine, notable, ranged, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19 incidence, variable, ambient, Effect,