In the past two decades, pandemics of several fatal coronaviruses have posed enormous challenges for public health, including SARS-CoV (2003), MERS-CoV (2012), and SARS-CoV-2 (2019). Among these, SARS-CoV-2 continues to ravage the world today and has lead to millions of deaths and incalculable economic damage. Till now, there is no clinically proven antiviral drug available for SARS-CoV-2. However, the bioactive molecules of natural origin, especially medicinal plants, have been proven to be potential resources in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2, acting at different stages of the viral life cycle and targeting different viral or host proteins, such as PL pro , 3CL pro , RdRp, helicase, spike, ACE2, and TMPRSS2. They provide a viable strategy to develop therapeutic agents. This review presents fundamental biological information on SARS-CoV-2, including the viral biological characteristics and invasion mechanisms. It also summarizes the reported natural bioactive molecules with anti-coronavirus properties, arranged by their different targets in the life cycle of viral infection of human cells, and discusses the prospects of these bioactive molecules for the treatment of COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, Antiviral agents, therapeutic targets, natural bioactive molecules, TMPRSS2, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, public health, viral infection, ACE2, coronavirus, SARS-CoV, 3CL pro, MERS-CoV, antiviral drug, Helicase, Characteristics, plants, death, Pandemics, RdRP, target, therapeutic agents, mechanisms, information, resource, host proteins, Invasion, human cells, Stage, viral life cycle, develop, reported, clinically, Till, acting, 【제목키워드】 agent, natural, molecule, Potential, Against,