Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a declared pandemic that is spreading all over the world at a dreadfully fast rate. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the pathogen of COVID-19, infects the human body using angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor identical to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) pandemic that occurred in 2002–2003. SARS-CoV-2 has a higher binding affinity to human ACE2 than to that of other species. Animal models that mimic the human disease are highly essential to develop therapeutics and vaccines against COVID-19. Here, we review transgenic mice that express human ACE2 in the airway and other epithelia and have shown to develop a rapidly lethal infection after intranasal inoculation with SARS-CoV, the pathogen of SARS. This literature review aims to present the importance of utilizing the human ACE2 transgenic mouse model to better understand the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and develop both therapeutics and vaccines.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), Transgenic mouse, 【초록키워드】 Coronavirus disease 2019, ACE2, Vaccine, pandemic, Vaccines, SARS-CoV, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, binding affinity, airway, human ACE2, pathogen, animal, receptor, intranasal, Coronavirus-2, literature review, acute respiratory syndrome, human disease, transgenic mice, pathogenesis of COVID-19, Express, lethal infection, infect, epithelia, shown, develop, occurred, 【제목키워드】 human Angiotensin-converting enzyme, transgenic mice,