Our review aims to highlight the neurological complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the available treatments according to the existing literature, discussing the underlying mechanisms. Since the end of 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has induced a worldwide pandemic that has threatened numerous lives. Fever, dry cough, and respiratory symptoms are typical manifestations of COVID-19. Recently, several neurological complications of the central and peripheral nervous systems following SARS-CoV-2 infection have gained clinicians’ attention. Encephalopathy, stroke, encephalitis/meningitis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and multiple sclerosis are considered probable neurological signs of COVID-19. The virus may invade the nervous system directly or induce a massive immune inflammatory response via a “cytokine storm.” Specific antiviral drugs are still under study. To date, immunomodulatory therapies and supportive treatment are the predominant strategies. In order to improve the management of COVID-19 patients, it is crucial to monitor the onset of new neurological complications and to explore drugs/vaccines targeted against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Inflammation, ACE2, coronavirus, Neurological complications, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, multiple sclerosis, stroke, SARS-COV-2 infection, Infection, virus, immune, antiviral drug, management, nervous system, mechanisms, COVID-19 patients, Guillain–Barrè syndrome, immunomodulatory therapy, Inflammatory response, manifestation, Neurological complication, acute respiratory syndrome, Supportive treatment, clinician, dry cough, worldwide pandemic, respiratory symptom, Specific, MONITOR, highlight, IMPROVE, induce, predominant, neurological sign, 【제목키워드】 Complication, respiratory,