Introduction: The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has been declared a public health emergency worldwide. The objective of this systematic review was to characterize the clinical, diagnostic, and treatment characteristics of hospitalized patients presenting with COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a structured search using PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Web of Science to collect both case reports and case series on COVID-19 published up to April 24, 2020. There were no restrictions regarding publication language. Results: Eighty articles were included analyzing a total of 417 patients with a mean age of 48 years. The most common presenting symptom in patients who tested positive for COVID-19 was fever, reported in up to 62% of patients from 82% of the analyzed studies. Other symptoms including rhinorrhea, dizziness, and chills were less frequently reported. Additionally, in studies that reported C-reactive protein (CRP) measurements, a large majority of patients displayed an elevated CRP (60%). Progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was the most common complication of patients testing positive for COVID-19 (21%). CT images displayed ground-glass opacification (GGO) patterns (80%) as well as bilateral lung involvement (69%). The most commonly used antiviral treatment modalities included, lopinavir (HIV protease inhibitor), arbidiol hydrochloride (influenza fusion inhibitor), and oseltamivir (neuraminidase inhibitor). Conclusions: Development of ARDS may play a role in estimating disease progression and mortality risk. Early detection of elevations in serum CRP, combined with a clinical COVID-19 symptom presentation may be used as a surrogate marker for the presence and severity of the disease. There is a paucity of data surrounding the efficacy of treatments. There is currently not a well-established gold standard therapy for the treatment of diagnosed COVID-19. Further prospective investigations are necessary.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, Treatment, Clinical characteristics, Diagnosis, systematic review, 【초록키워드】 Efficacy, ARDS, oseltamivir, therapy, Influenza, severity, lung involvement, diagnostic, CRP, Symptom, Antiviral treatment, HIV protease inhibitor, Case report, Disease progression, 2019 novel coronavirus, Characteristics, Fever, Early detection, Patient, age, GGO, public health emergency, inhibitor, development, Other, acute respiratory distress, marker, mortality risk, Dizziness, COVID-19 symptom, paucity of data, C-reactive protein (CRP, Web of Science, gold standard, syndrome, Elevation, serum CRP, article, rhinorrhea, positive, chill, tested, analyzed, reported, diagnosed, the disease, elevated, conducted, case sery, majority, less, hospitalized patient, presenting, with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 review, clinical, report, Sery,