Background Surfactant protein D (SP-D) and pulmonary club cell protein 16 (CC-16) are called “pneumoproteins” and are involved in host defense against oxidative stress, inflammation, and viral outbreak. This study aimed to determine the predictive value of these pneumoproteins on the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or death in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Methods This retrospective study included 87 patients admitted to an emergency department. Blood samples were collected on three time points (days 1, 5, and 14 from hospital admission). SP-D and CC-16 serum levels were determined, and univariate and multivariate analyses considering confounding variables (age, body mass index, tobacco use, dyspnea, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) were performed. Results Based on the multivariate analysis, SP-D level on D1 was positively and slightly correlated with subsequent development of ARDS, independent of body mass index, dyspnea, and diabetes mellitus. CC-16 level on D1 was modestly and positively correlated with fatal outcome. A rise in SP-D between D1 and D5 and D1 and D14 had a strong negative association with incidence of ARDS. These associations were independent of tobacco use and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Conclusions Overall, our data reveal that increase in SP-D levels is a good prognostic factor for patients with COVID-19, and that initial CC-16 levels correlated with slightly higher risk of death. SP-D and CC-16 may prove useful to predict outcomes in patients with COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, Biomarker, acute respiratory distress syndrome, Prognosis, Surfactant protein D, club cell 16 protein, 【초록키워드】 Inflammation, ARDS, coronavirus, Diabetes Mellitus, oxidative stress, outcome, hypertension, Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, Retrospective study, Protein, body mass index, Dyspnea, Patient, death, age, surfactant, Hospital admission, incidence, predict, association, acute respiratory distress, Analysis, Prognostic factor, Predictive, confounding variable, higher risk, Serum level, blood sample, syndrome, viral outbreak, Defense, club, Host, independent, initial, Result, performed, collected, involved, subsequent, determine, correlated, increase in, cell protein, multivariate analysis, patients with COVID-19, positively correlated, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, Kinetics, role,