Introduction Asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and moderate COVID-19 may be the most common COVID-19 cases. This study was designed to develop a diagnostic model for patients with asymptomatic and moderate COVID-19 based on demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables. Methods This retrospective study divided the subjects into 2 groups: asymptomatic COVID-19 (without symptoms, n = 15) and moderate COVID-19 (with symptoms, n = 57). Demographic characteristics, clinical data, routine blood tests, other laboratory tests, and inpatient data were collected and analyzed to compare patients with asymptomatic COVID-19 and moderate COVID-19. Results Comparison of the asymptomatic COVID-19 group with the moderate COVID-19 group yielded the following results: the patients were younger (P = 0.045); the cluster of differentiation (CD)8+ (cytotoxic) T cell level was higher (P = 0.017); the C-reactive protein (CRP) level was lower (P = 0.001); the white blood cell (WBC, P < 0.001), neutrophil (NEU, P = 0.036), lymphocyte (LYM, P = 0.009), and eosinophil (EOS, P = 0.036) counts were higher; and the serum iron level (P = 0.049) was higher in the asymptomatic COVID-19 group. The multivariate analysis showed that the NEU count (odds ratio [OR] = 2.007, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.162 - 3.715, P = 0.014) and LYM count (OR = 9.380, 95% CI: 2.382 - 36.934, P = 0.001) were independent factors for the presence of clinical symptoms after COVID-19 infection. The NEU count and LYM count were diagnostic predictors of asymptomatic COVID-19. This diagnostic prediction model showed high discriminatory power, consistency, and net clinical benefits. Conclusions The proposed model can distinguish asymptomatic COVID-19 from moderate COVID-19, thereby helping clinicians identify and distinguish patients with potential asymptomatic COVID-19 from those with moderate COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, asymptomatic infection, Logistic regression, DCA, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, neutrophil, diagnostic, Laboratory tests, Symptoms, eosinophil, Moderate COVID-19, Laboratory, Retrospective study, lymphocyte, serum, T cell, Characteristics, White blood cell, COVID-19 infection, Patient, Cluster, WBC, predictor, demographic, Analysis, Odds ratio, COVID-19 cases, Asymptomatic COVID-19, C-reactive protein (CRP, Factor, clinician, 95% confidence interval, Clinical data, subject, clinical symptom, clinical benefits, routine blood tests, helping, independent, EOS, discriminatory power, Result, analyzed, identify, collected, develop, the patient, patients with asymptomatic, variables, without symptoms, 【제목키워드】 Can,