The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a pandemic by the WHO on 19 March 2020. This pandemic is associated with markedly elevated blood glucose levels and a remarkable degree of insulin resistance, which suggests pancreatic islet β-cell dysfunction or apoptosis and insulin’s inability to dispose of glucose into cellular tissues. Diabetes is known to be one of the top pre-existing co-morbidities associated with the severity of COVID-19 along with hypertension, cardiocerebrovascular disease, advanced age, male gender, and recently obesity. This review focuses on how COVID-19 may be responsible for the accelerated development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as one of its acute and suspected long-term complications. These observations implicate an active role of metabolic syndrome, systemic and tissue islet renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, redox stress, inflammation, islet fibrosis, amyloid deposition along with β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis in those who develop T2DM. Utilizing light and electron microscopy in preclinical rodent models and human islets may help to better understand how COVID-19 accelerates islet and β-cell injury and remodeling to result in the long-term complications of T2DM.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, fibrosis, oxidative stress, metabolic syndrome, islet, amylin, β-cell apoptosis, islet amyloid, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone-system, 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, Apoptosis, Inflammation, pandemic, Stress, obesity, Gender, novel coronavirus disease, hypertension, severity of COVID-19, Microscopy, insulin resistance, male, co-morbidity, Complication, complications, disease, Glucose, Coronavirus-2, cellular, blood glucose, Injury, observation, dysfunction, acute respiratory syndrome, tissue, tissues, advanced age, syndrome, help, responsible, develop, caused, elevated, the WHO, accelerate, accelerated, pancreatic, type 2 diabete, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, Complication, exploration, role, Type, Immediate,