Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) and interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) lie sequentially on a signaling pathway activated by ligands of the IL-1 receptor and/or multiple TLRs located either on plasma or endosomal membranes. Activated IRF5, in conjunction with other synergistic transcription factors, notably NF-κB, is crucially required for the production of proinflammatory cytokines in the innate immune response to microbial infection. The IRAK4-IRF5 axis could therefore have a major role in the induction of the signature cytokines and chemokines of the hyperinflammatory state associated with severe morbidity and mortality in COVID-19. Here a case is made for considering IRAK4 or IRF5 inhibitors as potential therapies for the “cytokine storm” of COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, Adaptive immunity, Cytokine storm, Innate immunity, irak4, M1 macrophages, IRF5, Pellino-1, 【초록키워드】 innate immune response, interleukin-1, cytokine, chemokine, plasma, morbidity and mortality, signaling pathway, receptor, inhibitor, IL-1, NF-κB, Ligand, hyperinflammatory state, transcription factors, Proinflammatory cytokine, interferon regulatory factor, membranes, microbial infection, potential therapy, TLR, synergistic, required, activated, “cytokine storm”, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, interleukin-1, Factor, kinase, Involvement,