COVID-19 patients show heterogeneous and dynamic immune features which determine the clinical outcome. Here, we built a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset for dissecting these complicated immune responses through a longitudinal survey of COVID-19 patients with various categories of outcomes. The data reveals a highly fluctuating peripheral immune landscape in severe COVID-19, whereas the one in asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 is relatively steady. Then, the perturbed immune landscape in peripheral blood returned to normal state in those recovered from severe COVID-19. Importantly, the imbalance of the excessively strong innate immune response and delayed adaptive immunity in the early stage of viral infection accelerates the progression of the disease, indicated by a transient strong IFN response and weak T/B-cell specific response. The proportion of abnormal monocytes appeared early and rose further throughout the severe disease. Our data indicate that a dynamic immune landscape is associated with the progression and recovery of severe COVID-19, and have provided multiple immune biomarkers for early warning of severe COVID-19.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, scRNA-seq, IFN response, early immune feature, delayed adaptive immunity, 【초록키워드】 viral infection, immune response, Biomarker, innate immune response, adaptive, severe COVID-19, Immunity, progression, immune, Single-cell RNA sequencing, monocyte, Peripheral blood, Clinical outcome, outcomes, dataset, early stage, severe disease, COVID-19 patient, heterogeneous, feature, proportion, indicated, the disease, provided, determine, category, reveal, accelerate, returned, 【제목키워드】 response, IFN, Delay, Transient,