Graphical abstract Highlights • A new vaccine for Covid-19 will not instantaneously be accepted as treatment by all. • A new vaccine for Covid-19 is not instantaneously available to all people worldwide. • The hyperimmune serum is about 150 times more potent than the convalescent plasm. • Hyperimmune serum can be an important therapeutic alternative against SARS-CoV-2 for infected people with coronavirus. Since the very beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, different treatment strategies have been explored. These mainly involve the development of antimicrobial, antiviral, and/or anti-inflammatory agents as well as vaccine production. However, other potential options should be more avidly investigated since vaccine production on a worldwide level, and the anti-vaccination movement, also known as anti-vax or vaccine hesitancy by many communities, are still real obstacles without a ready solution. This review presents recent findings on the potential therapeutic advantages of heterologous serotherapy for the treatment of COVID-19. We present not only the effective use in animal models of hyperimmune sera against this coronavirus but also strategies, and protocols for the production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 sera. Promising antigens are also indicated such as the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in SARS-CoV-2 S protein, which is already in phase 2/3 clinical trial, and the trimeric protein S, which was shown to be up to 150 times more potent than the serum from convalescent donors. Due to the high death rate, the treatment for those currently infected with coronavirus cannot be ignored. Therefore, the potential use of anti-SARS-CoV-2 hyperimmune sera should be carefully but urgently evaluated in phase 2/3 clinical studies.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, neutralizing titers, Hyperimmune sera, Animal antibodies, 【초록키워드】 Treatment, Vaccine, clinical trial, protocol, Antiviral, COVID-19 pandemic, animal model, anti-SARS-CoV-2, Vaccine hesitancy, Antigen, serum, RBD, sera, therapeutic, Clinical studies, donors, convalescent, protein S, Heterologous, hyperimmune serum, SARS-CoV-2 S protein, treatment strategy, death rate, anti-inflammatory agent, Abstract, vaccine production, effective, hyperimmune, trimeric, shown, indicated, investigated, evaluated, the receptor-binding domain, recent finding, convalescent plasm, phase 2/3, 【제목키워드】 feasible,