Abstract
Prior immune responses to coronaviruses might affect human SARS-CoV-2 response. We screened 2,565 serum and plasma samples collected from 2013 through early 2020, before the COVID-19 pandemic began, from 2,250 persons in 4 countries in Africa (Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda) and in Thailand, including persons living with HIV-1. We detected IgG responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) subunit 2 protein in 1.8% of participants. Profiling against 23 coronavirus antigens revealed that responses to S, subunit 2, or subunit 1 proteins were significantly more frequent than responses to the receptor-binding domain, S-Trimer, or nucleocapsid proteins (p<0.0001). We observed similar responses in persons with or without HIV-1. Among all coronavirus antigens tested, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibody responses were much higher in participants from Africa than in participants from Thailand (p<0.01). We noted less pronounced differences for endemic coronaviruses. Serosurveys could affect vaccine and monoclonal antibody distribution across global populations.
Keywords: Africa; COVID-19; HIV-1; SARS; SARS-CoV-2; Thailand; coronavirus; coronavirus disease; respiratory infections; serosurvey; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; viruses; zoonoses.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, coronavirus disease, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, viruses, respiratory infections, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, SARS, Africa, Serosurvey, Thailand, HIV-1, zoonoses., 【초록키워드】 zoonoses, Uganda, Coronaviruses, Vaccine, immune response, COVID-19 pandemic, Antibody Response, monoclonal antibody, Nigeria, SARS-CoV-1, nucleocapsid protein, Antigen, Protein, response, Kenya, distribution, SARS-CoV-2 spike, Endemic, Profiling, Middle East, IgG response, acute respiratory syndrome, Participants, subunit, participant, respiratory syndrome coronavirus, human SARS-CoV-2, serum and plasma, Affect, populations, country, tested, collected, significantly more, screened, coronavirus, less, the receptor-binding domain, much higher, 【제목키워드】 response,