Abstract
Infants exposed to caregivers infected with SARS-CoV-2 may have heightened infection risks relative to older children due to their more intensive care and feeding needs. However, there has been limited research on COVID-19 outcomes in exposed infants beyond the neonatal period. Between June 2020 – March 2021, we conducted interviews and collected capillary dried blood spots from 46 SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers and their infants (aged 1-36 months) for up to two months following maternal infection onset (COVID+ group, 87% breastfeeding). Comparative data were also collected from 26 breastfeeding mothers with no known SARS-CoV-2 infection or exposures (breastfeeding control group), and 11 mothers who tested SARS-CoV-2 negative after experiencing symptoms or close contact exposure (COVID- group, 73% breastfeeding). Dried blood spots were assayed for anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG and IgA positivity and anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 + S2 IgG concentrations. Within the COVID+ group, the mean probability of seropositivity among infant samples was lower than that of corresponding maternal samples (0.54 and 0.87, respectively, for IgG; 0.33 and 0.85, respectively, for IgA), with likelihood of infant infection positively associated with the number of maternal symptoms and other household infections reported. COVID+ mothers reported a lower incidence of COVID-19 symptoms among their infants as compared to themselves and other household adults, and infants had similar PCR positivity rates as other household children. No samples returned by COVID- mothers or their infants tested antibody positive. Among the breastfeeding control group, 44% of mothers but none of their infants tested antibody positive in at least one sample. Results support previous research demonstrating minimal risks to infants following maternal COVID-19 infection, including for breastfeeding infants.
Keywords: COVID-19; IgA; IgG; breastfeeding; infancy; pediatric.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, IgG, Breastfeeding, IgA, pediatric., infancy, 【초록키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, intensive care, antibody, SARS-COV-2 infection, pediatric, children, Infection, risk, Symptom, outcome, anti-SARS-CoV-2, Infant, COVID, Probability, Infants, Adults, dried blood spot, COVID-19 infection, S-RBD, Research, infection risk, Blood, PCR positivity, mother, close contact, Neonatal, Comparative, Support, Older, control group, positive, concentrations, likelihood, Result, tested, collected, reported, conducted, the mean, returned, incidence of COVID-19, infected with SARS-CoV-2, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, antibody, Infection, Infant, trajectory, mother,