Abstract
Immunocompromised patients are at increased risk for a severe course of COVID-19. Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection with anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has become widely accepted. However, the effects of mAb treatment on the long-term primary cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 are unknown. In the following study, we investigated the long-term cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1, Membrane (M) and Nucleocapsid (N) antigens using the ELISpot assay in unvaccinated, mAb-treated immunocompromised high-risk patients. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mAb untreated though vaccinated COVID-19 immunocompromised patients, vaccinated SARS-CoV-2 immunocompromised patients without COVID-19 and vaccinated healthy control subjects served as control groups. The cellular immune response was determined at a median of 5 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our data suggest that immunocompromised patients develop an endogenous long-term cellular immune response after COVID-19, although at low levels. A better understanding of the cellular immune response will help guide clinical decision making for these vulnerable patient cohorts.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; cellular immune response; immunosuppression; monoclonal antibody treatment.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Cellular immune response, Immunosuppression, monoclonal antibody treatment., 【초록키워드】 Treatment, spike, SARS-COV-2 infection, monoclonal antibody, Infection, Immunocompromised patients, anti-SARS-CoV-2, immune, Immunocompromised patient, Antigen, Patient, Immunocompromised, ELISpot assay, mAbs, monoclonal antibody treatment, High-risk patients, mAb, cellular response, Coronavirus-2, cellular, acute respiratory syndrome, increased risk, subject, healthy control, help, control groups, clinical decision, patient cohorts, Effect, Course, develop, investigated, median, was determined, 【제목키워드】 Immunocompromised, monoclonal antibody treatment, COVID-19 patient,