Abstract
Individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) belong to the group of people most vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infections and the associated disease COVID-19. Here we describe SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and cellular immune responses in a small cohort of immunological non-responder HIV-1 patients (HIV-INRs) after receiving the COVID-19 mRNA-based BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine. Compared to the control group of vaccinated healthy individuals that all developed a virus-specific immune response, 5 of 10 vaccinated HIV-1 patients showed insufficient immune responses. The lack of response was not directly correlated with patients CD4 cell counts. Three of the five non-responders that agreed to receive a booster vaccination subsequently generated a virus-specific response. Thus, even HIV-INRs can be efficiently vaccinated against COVID-19 but may require a follow-up by virus-specific immune monitoring to guarantee clinical vaccine benefits.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccination; HIV-1; SARS-CoV-2; immunological non-responder (INR); immunosuppression.
【저자키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 vaccination, HIV-1, immunosuppression., immunological non-responder (INR), 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, Vaccine, immune response, antibody, Cellular immune response, SARS-COV-2 infection, Immunosuppression, immune, Cohort, immune responses, Patient, Follow-up, Human immunodeficiency virus, disease, booster vaccination, control group, individual, non-responder, FIVE, immunological, lack, receiving, correlated, healthy individual, receive, CD4 cell, mRNA-based, vaccinated against COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 HIV, Immunity, non-responder, immunological, mRNA-based,