Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the outbreak of unusual viral pneumonia that emerged in late 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China. Since then, because of its high transmission and pathogenic potential it spread almost all over the world causing the pandemic, as an extraordinary threat to the world public health. Rapid activation of a well-orchestrated and functional immune system with its both arms innate and adaptive immune response is pivotal to eradication of the disease caused by this coronavirus (COVID-19). Therefore, in this review are summarized the most recent data on complex molecular mechanisms involved in the innate and adaptive immune response to combat COVID-19. In addition to widely used vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, because of the induction of short-lived immunity and appearance of variants of concern (VOCs), there will be also discussed newly developed strategies to target different viral proteins, which are not prone to frequent mutations. Obviously, SARS-CoV-2 cannot evade the effect of these novel drugs and therefore they show a great promise as an antiviral therapy not only in COVID-19 but also in future viral outbreaks.
Keywords: Adaptive immune response; COVID-19; Evasion of immune response; Innate immune response; Novel therapeutic strategies; SARS-CoV-2.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, innate immune response, SARS-CoV-2., Adaptive immune response, Evasion of immune response, Novel therapeutic strategies, 【초록키워드】 public health, SARS-CoV-2, antiviral therapy, Vaccine, coronavirus, pandemic, Immunity, mutations, variants of concern, Transmission, Viral proteins, drug, immune system, molecular mechanism, immune, Spread, Viral pneumonia, Outbreaks, outbreak, therapeutic, VOCs, Rapid, novel, Innate, acute respiratory syndrome, Activation, complex, pathogenic, Arm, Wuhan, China, caused, involved, addition, the disease, functional, evade, short-lived, 【제목키워드】 pathogenicity, mechanism, therapeutic strategy, implication, involved,