Developing countries have reported lower molecular diagnostic testing levels due to a lack of resources. Therefore, antibody tests represent an alternative to detect exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and analyze possible risk factors. We aimed to describe and compare the clinical-epidemiological characteristics and the quality of food intake in Mexican individuals with a positive or negative test to antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. We carried out antibody tests and applied a survey to 1799 individuals; 42% were positive, and diabetes was more prevalent in these cases ( p < 0.01). No differences were identified in the blood type nor influenza vaccination between groups. Coughing, respiratory distress, muscle pain, joint pain, and anosmia were the most prevalent symptoms among seropositive cases ( p < 0.0001). Food intake quality was similar in both groups, except for the most consumed type of fat ( p = 0.006). In conclusion, this study supports the association of diabetes as a principal risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Mexican population. The results do not support previous associations between blood group or influenza vaccination as protective factors against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, frequent consumption of polyunsaturated fats is highlighted as a new possible associated factor with COVID-19, which more studies should corroborate as with all novel findings.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, Clinical characteristics, Serological testing, food intake quality, 【초록키워드】 SARS-CoV-2, vaccination, Risk factors, antibody, Influenza, SARS-COV-2 infection, diagnostic, Symptom, diabetes, risk factor, Anosmia, Characteristics, antibody tests, diagnostic testing, Pain, Antibody test, molecular, seropositive, Blood, Blood Group, association, distress, blood type, exposure to, respiratory distress, influenza vaccination, muscle pain, Food Intake, Support, alternative, both groups, individual, no differences, protective factor, joint pain, coughing, positive, negative test, resources, fat, country, prevalent, Polyunsaturated, joint, detect, lack, carried, reported, applied, Developing, groups, diabete, in both groups, with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 Screening, clinical, Quality, food, intake,