Abstract Serological testing for anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) antibodies is used to detect ongoing or past SARS‐CoV‐2 infections. To study the kinetics of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies and to assess the diagnostic performances of eight serological assays, we used 129 serum samples collected on known days post symptom onset (dpso) from 42 patients with polymerase chain reaction‐confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and 54 serum samples from healthy blood donors, and children infected with seasonal coronaviruses. The sera were analyzed for the presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence testing (IIFT) based on SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected cells. They were further tested for antibodies against the S1 domain of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein (IgG, IgA) and against the viral nucleocapsid protein (IgG, IgM) using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. The assay specificities were 94.4%–100%. The sensitivities varied largely between assays, reflecting their respective purposes. The sensitivities of IgA and IgM assays were the highest between 11 and 20 dpso, whereas the sensitivities of IgG assays peaked between 20 and 60 dpso. IIFT showed the highest sensitivities due to the use of the whole SARS‐CoV‐2 as substrate and provided information on whether or not the individual has been infected with SARS‐CoV‐2. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays provided further information about both the prevalence and concentration of specific antibodies against selected antigens of SARS‐CoV‐2. Highlights Sensitivities varied largely between assays at 94.4‐100% specificity. Assay sensitivities peaked 11‐20 dpso for IgA and IgM, and 20‐60 dpso for IgG. IIFT showed highest sensitivities due to whole virus substrate. ELISAs inform on the prevalence and concentration ofspecific antibodies against selected SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens.
【저자키워드】 antibodies, COVID‐19, serology, SARS‐CoV‐2, ELISA, immunofluorescence, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus disease, IgG, IgM, Coronavirus disease 2019, coronavirus, antibody, children, diagnostic, virus, Spike protein, Antigen, COVID‐19, SARS‐CoV‐2, Prevalence, Protein, polymerase chain reaction, sensitivity, specificity, Kinetics, Blood donors, Immunoglobulin G, infections, Viral, Immunoglobulin, Serological testing, cells, serological assays, IgA, sera, Patient, antigens, seasonal coronaviruses, respiratory, information, immunoglobulin A, ELISAs, specific antibodies, Concentration, immunoglobulin M, indirect immunofluorescence, symptom onset, acute respiratory syndrome, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, serum samples, individual, sensitivities, substrate, healthy blood donors, viral nucleocapsid protein, serum sample, S1 domain, polymerase chain, selected, highest, tested, analyzed, detect, collected, assays, peaked, specific antibody, eight, provided, immunosorbent, the viral nucleocapsid, SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected, 【제목키워드】 Antibody Response, serological, longitudinal,