Abstract The high infectivity and pathogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have caused the COVID-19 outbreak, one of the most devastating pandemics in more than a century. This pandemic has already left a trail of destruction, including enormous loss of life, a global economic slump, and widespread psychological damage. Despite assiduous world-wide endeavors, an effective cure for COVID-19 is still lacking. Surprisingly, infected neonates and children have relatively mild clinical manifestations and a much lower fatality rate than elderly adults. Recent studies have unambiguously demonstrated the vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from infected pregnant women to fetuses, which creates yet another challenge for disease prevention. In this review, we will summarize the molecular mechanism for entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells, the basis for the failure of the lungs and other organs in severe acute cases, and the evidence for congenital transmission.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, placental transmission, TMPRSS2, 【초록키워드】 coronavirus, pandemic, children, lung, Transmission, molecular mechanism, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, clinical manifestations, pregnant women, Adults, Neonate, COVID-19 outbreak, Lungs, Pandemics, Mild, vertical transmission, Psychological, respiratory, pathogenicity, disease, Evidence, life, host cells, clinical manifestation, acute respiratory syndrome, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, failure, other organs, Fatality rate, TRAIL, transmission of SARS-CoV-2, destruction, widespread, recent, effective, caused, demonstrated, much lower, entry of SARS-CoV-2, other organ, 【제목키워드】 SARS-CoV, Transmission, vertical transmission,