In 2019, a new type of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, the causing agent of COVID-19, was first detected in Wuhan, China. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic. The manifestations of COVID-19 are mostly age-dependent and potentially more severe in cases with involved co-morbidities. The gravity of the symptoms depends on the clinical stage of the infection. The most common symptoms include runny nose and nasal congestion, anosmia, dysgeusia or hypogeusia, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, respiratory distress, fatigue, ocular symptoms, diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. These systemic conditions are often accompanied by skin and mucosal lesions. Oral lesions reported in patients with COVID-19 include: herpex simplex, candidiasis, geographic tongue, aphthous-like ulcers, hemorrhagic ulcerations, necrotic ulcerations, white hairy tongue, reddish macules, erythematous surfaces, petechiae, and pustular enanthema. It is still unclear if these manifestations are a direct result of the viral infection, a consequence of systemic deterioration, or adverse reactions to treatments. Poor oral hygiene in hospitalized or quarantined COVID-19 patients should also be considered as an aggravating condition. This narrative review is focused on presenting the most relevant data from the literature regarding oral manifestations related to SARS-CoV-2, as well as the challenges faced by the dental system during this pandemic. A routine intraoral examination is recommended in COVID-19 patients, either suspected or confirmed, as, in certain cases, oral manifestations represent a sign of severe infection or even of a life-threatening condition. It is our belief that extensive knowledge of all possible manifestations, including oral lesions, in cases of COVID-19 is of great importance in the present uncertain context, including new, currently emerging viral variants with unknown future impact.
【저자키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, pandemic, oral lesions, oral manifestations, periodontal disease, temporomandibular disorders, dental medicine, 【초록키워드】 viral infection, Severe infection, coronavirus, Hospitalized, fatigue, knowledge, Infection, Symptom, nasal congestion, abdominal pain, diarrhea, Symptoms, Anosmia, Adverse reactions, Deterioration, dysgeusia, Viral, Wuhan, Oral hygiene, Viral variants, Manifestations, oral, oral manifestations, viral variant, co-morbidities, tongue, COVID-19 patients, mucosal, mucosal lesions, distress, Adverse reaction, COVID-19 patient, manifestation, respiratory distress, Health Organization, runny nose, World Health Organization, lesion, Hemorrhagic, Hypogeusia, hairy tongue, Poor oral hygiene, necrotic, lesions, morbidities, life-threatening, nausea, SIGN, vomiting, candidiasis, gravity, nausea/vomiting, petechiae, ocular symptoms, geographic tongue, ocular, simplex, Wuhan, China, include, involved, reported, condition, presenting, accompanied, enanthema, erythematous, patients with COVID-19, 【제목키워드】 review, oral, Repercussion,