Abstract Background A novel coronavirus called SARS‐Cov‐2, which shared 82% similarity of genome sequence with SARS‐CoV, was found in Wuhan in late December of 2019, causing an epidemic outbreak of novel coronavirus‐induced pneumonia with dramatically increasing number of cases. Several organs are vulnerable to COVID‐19 infection. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was reported in parts of case‐studies reporting characteristics of COVID‐19 patients. This study aimed at analyzing the potential route of SARS‐Cov‐2 entry and mechanism at cellular level. Method Single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) technology was used to obtain evidence of potential route and ACE2 expressing cell in renal system for underlying pathogenesis of kidney injury caused by COVID‐19. The whole process was performed under R with Seurat packages. Canonical marker genes were used to annotate different types of cells. Results Ten different clusters were identified and ACE2 was mainly expressed in proximal tubule and glomerular parietal epithelial cells. From Gene Ontology (GO) & KEGG enrichment analysis, imbalance of ACE2 expression, renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) activation, and neutrophil‐related processes were the main issue of COVID‐19 leading kidney injury. Conclusion Our study provided the cellular evidence that SARS‐Cov‐2 invaded human kidney tissue via proximal convoluted tubule, proximal tubule, proximal straight tubule cells, and glomerular parietal cells by means of ACE2 ‐related pathway and used their cellular protease TMPRSS2 for priming. Several organs are vulnerable to potential infection of COVID‐19 except lung, such as liver, digestive system, reproductive system and urinary system, and SARS‐CoV‐2 was separated from patients’ urine. Consequently, we hypothesized that COVID‐19 might invade human kidney causing renal injury, and this is the first study investigating the potential route of COVID‐19 leading kidney injury.
【저자키워드】 COVID‐19, ACE2, SARS‐CoV‐2, kidney, scRNA‐seq, 【초록키워드】 TMPRSS2, Pathogenesis, Pneumonia, neutrophil, Infection, lung, Acute kidney injury, Gene ontology, RAS, Novel coronavirus, COVID‐19, SARS‐CoV‐2, Kidney injury, Epidemic, AKI, Characteristics, cells, outbreak, RNA sequencing, Wuhan, pathway, Cluster, Urine, proximal tubule, epithelial cells, reproductive system, ACE2 expression, enrichment analysis, liver, mechanism, cellular, Evidence, Injury, genome sequence, similarity, evidence of, proximal convoluted tubule, parietal cells, digestive system, Imbalance, Activation, tissue, COVID‐19 patients, priming, COVID‐19 infection, KEGG, renal, organ, cellular protease, human kidney, urinary system, Canonical marker genes, Cell, marker gene, Seurat, Result, was used, caused, reported, provided, was performed, were used, expressed, expressing, reproductive, separated, proximal, glomerular, 【제목키워드】 RNA sequencing, Analysis, reveal,