The worldwide pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected an estimated 200 million people with over 4 million deaths. Although COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is primarily a respiratory disease, an increasing number of neurologic symptoms have been reported. Some of these symptoms, such as loss of smell or taste, are mild and non-life threatening, while others, such as stroke or seizure, are more critical. Many of these symptoms remain long after the acute illness has passed, a phenomenon known as “long COVID” or postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). Neurological symptoms can be difficult to study due to the complexity of the central and peripheral nervous system. These neurologic symptoms can be difficult to identify and quantitate. This narrative review will describe approaches for assessing neurologic manifestations of COVID-19, with examples of the data they provide, as well as some directions for future research to aid in understanding the pathophysiology of COVID-19-related neurological implications.
【저자키워드】 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, acute respiratory distress syndrome, angiotensin converting enzyme 2, polymerase chain reaction, Glial fibrillary acidic protein, Central nervous system, Guillain-barrè syndrome, postacute sequelae of COVID-19, Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, neurofilament light chain, Peripheral nervous system, SARS-CoV-2severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, ARDSacute respiratory distress syndrome, CNSCentral Nervous System, ACE2angiotensin converting enzyme 2, PCRpolymerase chain reaction, GBSGuillain-Barré syndrome, PNSPeripheral nervous system, CFScerebral spinal fluid, cerebral spinal fluid, GFAPGlial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, NfLneurofilament light chain, ME/CFSmyalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, PASCpostacute sequelae of COVID-19, UCH-L1ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1, YKL-40Chitinase 3-like 1., Chitinase 3-like 1., 【초록키워드】 COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, stroke, SARS-COV-2 infection, Symptom, pathophysiology, Respiratory disease, Research, nervous system, Mild, PASC, Critical, Seizure, neurological, deaths, manifestation, Loss of Smell, acute respiratory syndrome, Implications, worldwide pandemic, these symptoms, acute illness, neurologic, Neurological symptom, identify, caused, approach, example, reported, the disease, the SARS-CoV-2 virus, these symptom, 【제목키워드】 COVID-19, outcome, nervous system,